Comparing Intra-Articular Injection Approaches
A summary of key clinical and procedural features across the principal intra-articular injection options for knee OA. Cingal is the only single-injection approach that combines both rapid anti-inflammatory and sustained viscosupplementary effects.
| Feature | Cingal | Corticosteroid (CS) Only (e.g.Kenalog®) | Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Only [Viscosupplement] | Sequential CS + HA [Two injections] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rapid pain relief (within days) | Cingal | Corticosteroid (CS) Only | Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Only | Sequential CS + HA |
| Sustained relief (up to 6 months) | Cingal | Corticosteroid (CS) Only | Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Only | Sequential CS + HA |
| Single injection | Cingal | Corticosteroid (CS) Only | Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Only | Sequential CS + HA |
| Reduced repeat steroid exposure | Cingal | Corticosteroid (CS) Only | Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Only | Sequential CS + HA Partial |
| Injection events per treatment course | Cingal 1× | Corticosteroid (CS) Only 1× | Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Only 1× | Sequential CS + HA 2× |
| Favourable cost-utility vs. sequential 3 | Cingal | Corticosteroid (CS) Only | Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Only | Sequential CS + HA Higher burden |
- feature supported by data
- not a primary feature of this approach
Comparison based on published data and product characteristics. Clinical outcomes vary by patient and clinical context. References available on request.
Head-to-Head Comparison
A closer look at how Cingal compares to each injection approach across the dimensions most relevant to clinical decision-making.
Cingal vs. Corticosteroid-Only Injection
Cingal
- Equivalent rapid symptom relief from triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH) component1
- Extended benefit through HA viscosupplementation: sustained up to 6 months1
- Reduces need for repeat steroid exposure to maintain symptom control
- Single injection, single visit
Corticosteroid Only
- Rapid symptom relief within days
- Limited sustained benefit: patients may require repeat injections
- No viscosupplementary component
- Single injection, single visit
Equivalent rapid onset: Cingal adds sustained viscosupplementary benefit without additional injections.
Cingal vs. Hyaluronic Acid-Only Injection
Cingal
- Faster onset of effect from TH component: relief within days rather than weeks1
- Comparable long-term outcomes with earlier functional improvement1
- Non-animal HA source (bacterial fermentation)2
- Single injection, single visit
HA Only
- Slower onset: HA mechanical effect develops over weeks
- Sustained viscosupplementary benefit
- No rapid anti-inflammatory component
- Single injection, single visit
Cingal bridges the early post-injection period with TH while HA provides the sustained mechanical benefit without additional injections.
Cingal vs. Sequential Corticosteroid + HA Injections
Cingal
- One sterile, pre-mixed injection eliminates second procedure
- Reduced clinic visits and procedural burden for patients and clinicians3
- Demonstrated favourable cost-utility versus two-injection regimens3
- Both rapid onset and sustained relief in one visit1
Sequential CS + HA
- Two separate injections required; two clinic visits
- Higher procedural burden and associated costs3
- Both components available separately
- Two separate sterile procedures increase cumulative infection risk
One injection. One visit. Both mechanisms with demonstrated favourable cost-utility versus the two-injection approach.
Cingal’s Place in the Treatment Pathway
Cingal sits within the intra-articular injection step of the knee OA management pathway, after conservative treatment has been optimised and before surgical intervention is considered.
Cingal may be considered for patients who:
- Have persistent knee OA symptoms despite conservative treatment
- Require rapid symptom improvement to maintain activity or enable rehabilitation
- Are managed within orthopaedic, rheumatology, pain, or MSK clinics
- Prefer a single-visit, minimally disruptive intervention
- Aim to delay surgical or more invasive options
For full patient selection criteria, contraindications, and OA staging guidance, see the Patient Selection Guide.

- Hangody L, et al. Intraarticular injection of a cross-linked sodium hyaluronate combined with triamcinolone hexacetonide (Cingal) to provide symptomatic relief of osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial. Cartilage. 2018 Jul;9(3):276-283.
- Instructions for Use. Cingal®. Anika Therapeutics. [Refer to current IFU for full approved indications.]
- Injection Regimen of Sequential Corticosteroid and Hyaluronic Acid Injections Etienne L Belzile, Robert T Deakon, Christopher Vannabouathong, Mohit Bhandari, Martin Lamontagne and Robert McCormac